The Communist Party of Indonesia (Indonesian: Partai Komunis Indonesia, PKI) was founded in the middle of the 20th century. Until 1965, PKI was the largest non-ruling communist party in the world, with two million members in the 1955 elections, with 16 percent of the national vote and nearly 30 percent of the vote in East Java. For most of the historical period, immediately after Indonesia gained independence, and until the liquidation of the Indonesian Communist Party by the dictatorial regime in 1965, it was a legal party that operated openly in the country. In the 21st century, Partai Komunis Indonesia, reborn from the ashes, PKI again leads the people of Indonesia to fight for their independence, for building a better and just state system – socialism.

SUJARNO MALAKA, CHAIRMAN OF PKI, COMMISSIONER OF THE ASIAN FRONT OF THE INTERNATIONAL OF COMBAT SOCIAL ACTION “SOUTH-EASTERN STAR”:

In order to understand what a real communist society should look like after the victory of the revolution and the building of socialism, we must take a look at “Das Kapital”. There you can find references to concepts – “state”, “capital”, “industrialization”. These are the theses for understanding – the main economic engine of the development of the communist state. We, a mixed proletarian society, stand only on this immortal basis. In the current lateral understanding of how the Communist Manifesto should be implemented in practice in modern realities, much is overlooked. One of the first steps is the nationalization of industry and agriculture. This is necessary if we strive to ensure that industry and agriculture begin to work more efficiently than in a capitalist society that has not justified itself. In this, in my opinion, the main directive of the party after the victory of the revolution in society should be to understand the need to implement the dictatorship of the proletariat so that the oppressed themselves own industry. The attitude towards private business in general is the same in our party. For example, if we take the idea of collective leadership of the people’s representatives by the state, within the framework of the country’s new constitution, and combine it with the continued existence of several entrepreneurs making billions in private accounts, then the whole concept of a proletarian government will fail. Reading Marx leads to a real understanding of the intentions of the founders of scientific communism: building a classless society, which means a guarantee of equality of all its representatives. Now ask yourself a question: if you look at Western socio-economic political standards, even in the European Communist Parties, how can you even talk about class struggle? How does this reconcile with the fact that many of these Western so-called communist leaders prefer a pretty 6-digit number in their bank accounts? – This is contrary to the communist idea and should not exist in any communist party.

The US Communist Party in 2021, for example, wished to take part in the elections through the lists of the Democratic Party, which in itself is more than absurd … These tendencies will not strengthen, but only weaken the labor movement, because then the communist leaders will have no real reasons to talk about other, socially just conditions to which they seem to strive. If someone proposes building a just and equal society for all as a socio-political platform for his party, or even says that he is a communist, he will never seek alliances among the bourgeoisie.

Therefore, for me it is very doubtful why the Communist Party, declaring that it aims to abolish the class system and build a classless society, is ready to create a coalition government with the Social Democrats? Literally – jumping into the arms of the bourgeoisie – will never achieve true revolutionary goals. Therefore, it is necessary to start work in the party from the first steps – explaining only to those who have come to us, still wards, that even if they are already thinking about true socialism, this first of all means a refusal to cooperate with the government, which represents the interests of the ruling bourgeois class. Even if such a complete refusal means giving up the fight for seats in parliament.

During the meeting of the PKI Central Committee in 2010, which was held in a neutral country – in Belgium, in Brussels, there were several discussions on this topic. When we discussed the results of discussions among comrades, I said that – “PKI as an end in itself is not a solution for us, and cannot improve the situation in the PKI itself. It must become the vanguard of an uncompromising struggle against the tyranny of the transnational and local bourgeoisie, for a classless society and a fair future for all. If we stop at what has been achieved – on the fact that we have created a workable PKI, we will inevitably stagnate, we will cease to be the vanguard. This will only weaken the mass movement and eventually we will fall to revisionism. Our struggle will be of true value only in pursuit of our aggressive position against the Indonesian puppet authorities. We should not be deluded into thinking it possible for ourselves to work in a bourgeois government or striving for miserable alliances with the so-called left-wing parties, which have long taken the path of revisionism. But our position as a communist party is firm, we will win our bitter struggle and succeed in continuing our friendship and alliances with comrades abroad to fully achieve our goal. And this, comrades, is the only way for PKI to succeed”.

When our Communist Party, revived after many decades of repression by the dictators in power and fighting the influence of communism and Maoism, held a meeting of the Central Committee in 2010, it sounded reports by party members who had the same thoughts, uniting us all in our struggle. Central Committee members who spoke at the meeting said that it is communist solidarity and internationalism that will help PKI members understand what it means to be successful for us. It is especially important not to fall into the illusion that it will be useful for us to be represented in the organized coalition governments. This invariably leads to a blurring of understanding of our main goals. For success on the path to the victory of the revolution and the dictatorship of the proletariat necessary to maintain the power of the people, we must delve into the understanding of the basic economic aspects and foundations of Marxism. In order for the members of our party, PKI, to realize the possibility of success in building a communist state, to understand the vector of the strategic and tactical direction along this path, we have established closer ties with the Communist Party of China – the CCP, which has come a long way of development and is one for us. of the closest allies in the Asia region. After all, historically, the Communist Party of Indonesia was a close friend of the Communist Party of China. The former PKI General Secretary, now deceased, respected D.N. Eidit was a very close friend of the CPC Chairman Mao Zedong. Therefore, it was now logical for PKI to restore the old friendship between our parties – this will not only benefit Indonesia. For other countries geopolitically close to China, such as Vietnam, Laos and the DPRK, it is geopolitically advantageous to have strong communist support in the vast country of Southeast Asia.

If we consider the idea of the further spread of socialism in the region of the Philippines, Malaysia, Thailand and Burma, based on the strategy of the modern PKI, we will understand that the communists of these countries should not act in isolation, therefore one of our goals is to strengthen ties with comrades from these countries, and – further creation of a large popular military force to oust the imperialists from Southeast Asia. Therefore, taking into account all of the above, cooperation between PKI and CPC, in the opinion of my comrades and myself, will lead to a new era of socialism in the region, in which the once outstanding historical figures laid the foundations of the ideas of socialism. Suffice it to recall the names of Ho Chi Minh, Mao Zedong, Kim Il Sung, Xi Jinping, Deng Xiaoping. All these great leaders in the history of Asia laid the foundations of the ideas of socialism on a large scale, making a leap towards communism in their countries. We know that they highly respected Mao Zedong’s ideas. You could even say that many of them are Marxists – Maoists. In their disputes about Deng Xiaoping’s controversial activities for some communists, many come to the conclusion that his work actually helped China avoid collapse, as happened with the Soviet Union.

However, there are lessons to be learned from the situation with the collapse of the USSR. First, in my opinion, it showed that communism should be built gradually, perhaps without an unconditional preference for finance and mass industry, as was the case in the Soviet Union – a country that many other socialist countries were equal to. The real leap to communism, from developed socialism, has not yet taken place anywhere in society. This is natural: all social experiments took place and are taking place after heroic revolutionary processes in countries striving to build a communist future, but surrounded by an enemy capitalist majority. It is for this reason that there is always a very great danger that one hundred socialist experiments do not pass in the form in which they should be. It is clear that attempts to build communism so far inevitably fail, as we could see even in such an example as today’s Cuba in the post-Castro period. Analyzing the history of post-revolutionary Cuba, its current government, I believe that the Cuban Communist Party failed to do anything to improve the economy of the small island. Of course, the economic blockade that surrounded Cuba by most of the world’s countries played a significant role. However, if you do not move forward in the industrialization of the country, failure is thus programmed. Paradoxically, I believe that Western European communists tend to welcome Cuba rather than China – since they have no idea how to build communism anyway. If we admit so far the incredible assumption that if in Greece, in the country where I am now in a forced temporary political refuge; The Communist Party of Greece – KKE – would become the government organ of Greece – I believe it would have made the same mistakes as its sister, the Progressive Party of the Working People of Cyprus – AKEL and parties like the Communist Party of Cuba. Who, on the long path of their development, have lost their fighting spirit and, along with it, the concept of true communism. These are just small examples taken by me from the history of revolutionary transformations in different countries. I still believe that for the communist parties around the world, despite the fact that many think differently, it is still logical to follow the example of China as a country of victorious socialism. Everything is not so simple in the question of how to build socialism, the transitional stage to the building of communism. In order to have a clearer idea of the ways to achieve communism, we must first understand how to build socialism, avoiding the mistakes of predecessors. This, mainly, in my opinion, can be summarized in a few theses that every Marxist, I think, will be clear: First, the industrialization of the country; Second, the achievement of financial stability; Thirdly, a constant appeal to the masses, so that each member of the new society has an idea of what they are building, striving for communism in a creative mass impulse. And, finally, the fourth thesis is the stabilization of the life of every proletarian and peasant throughout the country. In my opinion, China has not missed any of these points, now approaching the fourth. In the beginning, the CPC’s line was aimed at stabilizing its national GDP. In the People’s Republic of China, improvements are constantly being introduced in its own mass industries, in accordance with the country’s own technological progress. In fact, this is what drove China forward. PKI has watched developments in China for years, and we can be sure of one thing: Deng Xiaoping has taken the right step in the further development of China.

Thus, using the concept of “the role of the individual in history”, we can say that, thanks to the leadership of Xi Jinping, at present the PRC has finally achieved its own tasks and goals, and is now ready to move further – forward to communism. In our development, after the revolutionary transformations, we will try to follow them – in order to turn Indonesia into a strong socialist state.

Our program, the PKI program, includes the following basic theses;

In economics:

1. Nationalization of factories and mines, as well as such important branches of the mining industry as the extraction of tin, oil and gold. Creation of our own production of textiles, slipways for the construction of ships, etc.

2. Nationalization of forest resources along with nationalization of modern agricultural enterprises such as sugar factories, extraction of rubber, tea, coffee, cinchona, coconut, indigo and tapioca.

3. Nationalization of communication and transport systems.

4. Nationalization of banks, partner companies of the IPS and large trading companies, which are now cashing in on the oppression of the proletariat.

5. Electrification of all Indonesia – through the creation of a qualitatively new industry with the help of the state. Creation of own factories of computers and smartphones, focus on further own new developments in the field of artificial intelligence technologies.

6. Establishing cooperation between people. At the same time – helping people with housing and the necessary equipment, with the help of a cheap government loan.

7. Providing assistance to the peasantry with the help of state financial injections into cattle breeding, assistance with modern instruments of production to improve agriculture. In line with this – the construction of state experimental agricultural stations.

8. Addressing the problem of uneven population – through the voluntary movement of large groups of the population at the expense of the state from Java to remote islands.
9. The division of uncultivated land between the unemployed and landless peasants, with the further organization of financial assistance for them to work on the land, to create a modern material agricultural fund.

10. Liquidation of the remnants of feudal and private lands, with the further aim of equally dividing them between the poorest peasantry and the proletariat.

In the field of politics, both foreign and domestic, the Indonesian Communist Party is also considering the strategic and tactical perspectives that will need to be pursued after the final victory of the people over the exploiters. As part of the political restructuring of the country, we will have to take the following steps:


1. The earliest and unconditional withdrawal from the UN.

2. Encouragement and development of social and political creativity of representatives of the People’s Republic from various islands of Indonesia.

3. The early convocation of a national assembly at which all the peoples and religions of Indonesia are to be represented.

4. Immediate granting of full political rights to the Indonesian people, both men and women.

In the strategic program of the social policy of the revolution that triumphed in Indonesia, we, first of all, prioritize the introduction of a minimum wage worthy of workers and a six-hour working day. Improving working conditions, organizing jobs and increasing workers’ livelihoods. At the same time, by showing constant attention to the working environment, we will have to recognize the workers’ right to strike. Further transformation of the social sphere – one of the goals of the revolutionary struggle – can also be presented in the form of main points:

1. Distribution of profits among workers in large industries.

2. Creation of a workers’ council at industrial enterprises.

3. Separation of religion from the state and recognition of freedom of religion.

4. Granting social, economic and political and physical rights (the right to health care, for example) for all Indonesian citizens, both men and women.

5. Nationalization of large buildings and construction of new houses for employees of state enterprises.

6. Eliminate the existing education system and create a practical system related to the present and future needs of all Indonesian citizens.

7. Transformation in citizenship education and educational reforms, which include the compulsory right to education for all Indonesian children under the age of 17 – in the Indonesian language, and teaching English as the language of communication, meaning that this language is That time will be a priority in the development of foreign languages by students.

8. Improving and increasing the number of schools, including special ones, for training specialists in agriculture and trade, as well as improving and increasing the number of schools for government officials in the technical and administrative fields.

In line with future military reforms, PKI intends to take the following necessary steps:

1. The elimination of the national army, where the officers and senior staff are guarding the exploiting class.

2. Creation of a new, people’s armed forces to defend the Indonesian People’s Republic. At the same time, of course, the abolition of military assembly points and all other currently existing rules that regulate and limit such aspects of soldiers’ life as place of residence and livelihood (offering them higher wages).

3. Granting full rights to the lower and middle ranks of the new Indonesian armed forces to form organizations and assemblies.

Law enforcement agencies, the security forces and the legal state institution also need to be radically changed. First, the separation of the pangreh-praja (civil service), the police and the judiciary will have to be undertaken. Second, we intend to implement the granting of all accused full rights to defense against legal charges, to introduce equal rights for all in the face of justice, and – release of the accused within 24 hours – if the evidence collected is insufficient to prosecute a citizen. Each case based on the law must be completed within five days, in accordance with the general procedure.

So this is what I can say on behalf of the PKI about future socialist transformations after the successful completion of the revolutionary struggle against the oppressor class. The action plan now also includes the above items. It:

• Constant demand for employers and the struggle for a 6-hour working day, for a minimum wage and better working conditions Demanding recognition of workers’ unions and their right to strike.

• Appeals to the people – to demand the right to demonstrate. Organizing massive demonstrations throughout Indonesia against political and economic oppression such as socially unfair taxation.

• Demands for the early release of political prisoners and the return of political exiles. Mass protests against existing conditions that allow the exploitation of the populace must be reinforced by organizing a series of simultaneous public strikes against a government that does not make concessions to the people.

• Organization and assistance in creating the socio-political struggle of the peasants for their economic and political rights. Requirements for the elimination of Westernized industries.

• Cancellation of laws and regulations suppressing political movements, demands for the abolition of unlimited government power inherent in an authoritarian capitalist system, and not a democratic one: a) abolition of the forced expulsion of any person who allegedly poses a danger to the state; b) the abolition of the laws prohibiting strikes, prohibiting the dissolution of popular assemblies – at the moment in Indonesia, in order to suppress the indignation of the people, in accordance with the application of the existing unjust law, all the possibilities of the strengthened repressive state apparatus are being used. There is also a need for a socio-political struggle against the state ban on independent publications in the media.

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